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@@ -5,13 +5,16 @@ This section is divided into two parts. The first part explains what StackExchan
\section{Background}
StackExchange\footnote{\url{https://stackexchange.com}} is a community question and answering (CQA) platform where users can ask and answer questions, accept answers as an appropriate solution to the question, and up-/downvote questions and answers. StackExchange uses a community-driven knowledge creation process by allowing everyone who registers to participate in the community. Invested users also get access to moderation tools to help maintain the vast community. All posts on the StackExchange platform are publicly visible, allowing non-users to benefit from the community as well. Posts are also accessible for web search engines so users can find questions and anwsers easily with a simple web search. StackExchange keeps an archive of all questions and answers posted, creating a knowledge archive for future visitors to look into.
Originally, StackExchange started with StackOverflow\footnote{\url{https://stackoverflow.com}} in 2008\footnote{\label{atwood2008stack}\url{https://stackoverflow.blog/2008/08/01/stack-overflow-private-beta-begins/}}.
Since then StackExchange grew into a platform hosting sites for 174 different topics\footnote{\label{stackexchangetour}\url{https://stackexchange.com/tour}}, for instance, programming (StackOverflow), maths (MathOverflow\footnote{\url{https://mathoverflow.net}} and Math StackExchange\footnote{\url{https://math.stackexchange.com}}), and typesetting (TeX/LaTeX\footnote{\url{https://tex.stackexchange.com}}).
Questions on StackExchange are stated in natural English language and consist of a title, a body containing a detailed description of the problem or information need, and tags to categorize the question. After a question is posted the community can submit answers to the question. The author of the question can then accept an appropriate answer which satisfies their question. The accepted answer is then marked as such with a green checkmark and shown on top of all the other answers. Figure \ref{soexamplepost} shows an example of a StackOverflow question. Questions and answers can be up-/downvoted by every user registered on the site. Votes typically reflect the quality and importance of the respective question or answers. Answers with a high voting score raise to the top of the answer list as answers are sorted by the vote score in descending order by default. Voting also influences a user's reputation \cite{movshovitz2013analysis}\footref{stackexchangetour}. When a post (question or answers) is voted upon the reputation of the poster changes accordingly. Furthermore, downvoting of answers also decreases the reputation of the user who voted\footnote{\url{https://stackoverflow.com/help/privileges/vote-down}}.
Reputation on StackExchange indicates how trustworthy a user is. To gain a high reputation value a user has to invest a lot of time and effort to reach a high reputation value by asking good questions and posting good answers to questions. Reputation also unlocks privileges which may differ slightly from one community to another\footnote{\url{https://mathoverflow.com/help/privileges/}}\mfs\footnote{\url{https://stackoverflow.com/help/privileges/}}.
With privileges, users can, for instance, create new tags if the need for a new tag arises, cast votes on closing or reopening questions if the question is off-topic or a duplicate of another question, or when a question had been closed for no or a wrong reason, or even get access to moderation tools.
StackExchange also employs a badge system to steer the community\footnote{\label{stackoverflowbadges}\url{https://stackoverflow.com/help/badges/}}. Some badges can be obtained by performing one-time actions, for instance, reading the tour page which contains necessary details for newly registered users, or by performing certain actions multiple times, for instance, editing and answering the same question within 12 hours.
Furthermore, users can comment on every question and answer. Comments could be used for further clarifying an answer or a short discussion on a question or answer.
For each community on StackExchange, a \emph Meta page is offered where members of the respective community can discuss the associated community \cite{mamykina2011design}\footnote{\url{https://stackoverflow.com/help/whats-meta/}}. This place is used by site admins to interact with the community. The \emph Meta pages are also used for proposing and voting on new features and reporting bugs. \emph Meta pages run the same software as the normal CQA pages so users on vote the ideas and suggestions in the same way they would do on the actual CQA sites.
\begin{figure}
@@ -366,7 +369,7 @@ Affective Norms for English Words (ANEW) \cite{bradley1999affective} is sentimen
% - group synonyms (synsets) together (vader)
% -
WordNet analyzes text with a dictionary which contains lexical contepts \cite{miller1995wordnet,miller1998wordnet}. Each lexical concept contains multiple words which are synonyms, called synsets. These synsets are then linked by semantic relations. With this lexicon text acan be queried in multiple different ways.
WordNet analyzes text with a dictionary which contains lexical contepts \cite{miller1995wordnet,miller1998wordnet}. Each lexical concept contains multiple words which are synonyms, called synsets. These synsets are then linked by semantic relations. With this lexicon, text can be queried in multiple different ways.
%sentiwordnet \cite{baccianella2010sentiwordnet}