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@@ -121,15 +121,19 @@ On StackOverflow only 5.8\% (2015 \cite{stackoversurvey2015}, 7.9\% 2019 \cite{s
\subsection{Keeping users engaged, contributing and well behaved}
Repuatation plays a big role on StackExchange and indicates the credability of a user as well as a primary source of answers of high quality \cite{movshovitz2013analysis}. Although the biggest chunk of all questions are posted by low reputated users, high reputated users post more questions on average. To earn a high reputation a user has to invest a lot of effort and time into the community, for instance, asking good questions, or providing useful answers to questions of others. Reputation is earned when a question or answers is upvoted by other users, or if an answer is accepted as the solution to a question by the question creator. \citeauthor{mamykina2011design} \etal found that the reputation system of StackOverflow encourages users to compete productively \cite{mamykina2011design}. But not every user participates equally and participation depends on the personality of the user \cite{bazelli2013personality}. \citeauthor{bazelli2013personality} showed that the top reputated users on StackOverflow are more extroverted compared to users with less reputation. \citeauthor{movshovitz2013analysis} found that by analysing the StackOverflow community network experts can be reliably identified by their contribution within the first few months after they registered. Graph analysis also allowed the authors to find spamming users or users with other extreme behavior.
Although gaining reputation takes time and effort, users can take certain advantages to gain repuatation faster by gaming the system \cite{bosu2013building}. \citeauthor{bosu2013building} analysed the reputation system and found five strategies: Firstly, answering question with tags that have a small expertise density. This reduces competitiveness against other users and increases the chance of upvotes and answer acceptance. Secondly, questions should be answered promptly. The question asker will most likely accept the first arriving answer that solves the question. Thirdly, answering first also gives the user an advanteage over other answerers. Fourthly, activity during off-peak hours reduces the competition from other users. Finally, contributing to the diverse areas will also help in developing a higher reputation.
% reputation
% On the personality traits of stackoverflow users \cite{bazelli2013personality} analyzing personality traits, top reputated users are more extroverted than less reputated users
% Building reputation in stackoverflow: an empirical investigation. \cite{bosu2013building} gaming the reputation system of SO, answering question with tags with lower expertise density, answering promptly, first one to answer, activity during off peak hours, contributing to diverse areas
% Analysis of the reputation system and user contributions on a question answering website: Stackoverflow \cite{movshovitz2013analysis} about the reputation system, high reputation indicates primary source of answers and high quality, most questions asked by low reputation users but high reputation users post most questions on avg compared to low reputation users, effective finding of spam users and other extreme behaviors via graph analysis, predicting which users become influential longterm contributors, experts can be reliably identified based on the participation in the first few months after registration
% Design Lessons from the Fastest Q&A Site in the West \cite{mamykina2011design} understanding SO success, 1) productive competition (gamification reputation), 2) founders were already experts on site the created (ensured success early on, founders involved in community not external), 3) meta page for discussion and voting on features (same mechanics as on SO page)
% DONE On the personality traits of stackoverflow users \cite{bazelli2013personality} analyzing personality traits, top reputated users are more extroverted than less reputated users
% DONE Building reputation in stackoverflow: an empirical investigation. \cite{bosu2013building} gaming the reputation system of SO, answering question with tags with lower expertise density, answering promptly, first one to answer, activity during off peak hours, contributing to diverse areas
% DONEAnalysis of the reputation system and user contributions on a question answering website: Stackoverflow \cite{movshovitz2013analysis} about the reputation system, high reputation indicates primary source of answers and high quality, most questions asked by low reputation users but high reputation users post most questions on avg compared to low reputation users, effective finding of spam users and other extreme behaviors via graph analysis, predicting which users become influential longterm contributors, experts can be reliably identified based on the participation in the first few months after registration
% DONE Design Lessons from the Fastest Q&A Site in the West \cite{mamykina2011design} understanding SO success, 1) productive competition (gamification reputation), 2) founders were already experts on site the created (ensured success early on, founders involved in community not external), 3) meta page for discussion and voting on features (same mechanics as on SO page)
Complementary to reputatation system StackOverflow also runs a badge system \cite{stackoverflowbadges}. Badges are visible in questions and answers as well as the profile page of the user and can by earned by performing certain actions.
% badge